What you need to know about gynecomastia ?

What you need to know about gynecomastia ?

Gynecomastia is the development of a breast with feminine characteristics in the male. It can appear physiologically during different stages of life or be secondary to a pathological process or pharmacological therapy. Before classifying any gynecomastia as physiological, an exhaustive study should be carried out in order to rule out possible underlying pathological processes.

Most of the cases that require surgery correspond to young subjects with physiological gynecomastia that does not remit in a reasonable period of time and that cause a profound psychological disorder in the patient.

Etymologically, the term gynecomastia comes from the Greek gyne (woman) and mastos (breast). We could define it as the benign, transitory or definitive increase of the breast in men. The first to use this term was Galen in the 2nd century BC. C., although he described it as an abnormal accumulation of fat. Today it is considered that the breast affected by gynecomastia is made up of all the components of the female breast: adipose tissue, glandular tissue, connective tissue and vessels. When we refer to the simple accumulation of adipose tissue, we will speak of pseudogynecomastia or lipomastia.

The real incidence of gynecomastia in the population is not well known, although it is a very common condition as long as we consider it as an asymptomatic tumor of at least 2 cm in diameter in the male breast. It presents three well-defined age peaks: neonatal, juvenile and adult, which respond to different etiological factors.

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