What is nutrition?

What is nutrition? – 2022

Nutrition is the biological process that occurs in a living being when its body absorbs, from food and liquids, the nutrients it needs for its growth and the development of vital functions. Through food, the body incorporates carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, proteins and fats.

Human beings consume different types of food and, after physical and chemical processes, the body incorporates the nutrients from these foods and transforms them into energy to carry out its main functions, such as movement, reproduction and growth. A good and varied diet helps the proper functioning of the body and, for that, different types of food that provide different nutrients must be included in meals.

To maintain a healthy and balanced body, it is important to know the types of nutrients that exist, regulate the amount of food that is eaten according to personal physical needs, perform physical activity and stay hydrated. With a good diet, many of the common illnesses or propensities to develop illness can be avoided or alleviated.

The term nutrition is also used to refer to the science that studies food and its relationship with human health. Nutrition studies the processes that allow the body to incorporate nutrients from food and takes into account variables such as the importance of a balanced diet, staying hydrated and exercising regularly.

Types of nutrition

Living beings can carry out two types of nutrition:

Autotrophic nutrition : It is the type of feeding carried out by organisms that produce their own food, such as plants and some bacteria. These organisms have the ability to synthesize simple and inorganic substances to convert them into organic and complex substances that they use in their metabolic processes. Autotrophs are called producer organisms and they create organic matter from carbon dioxide and use chemicals or light for energy.
Heterotrophic nutrition : It is the type of feeding carried out by organisms that feed on others to survive. In this group are bacteria, fungi (decomposer organisms) and animals (consumer organisms).

The main nutrients

Nutrients are the substances that are present in food and that the human body uses to perform its vital functions. It is important to know the different types of nutrients, the benefits they bring to the body and the functions that each one fulfills, in order to have a healthy and balanced diet that provides everything the body needs.

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