Treatment of gynecomastia

Gynecomastia is a disease caused by pathology of the mammary glands in men, which is manifested by an increase in the size of one or both glands due to hypertrophy of adipose tissue or directly the tissue of the gland itself.

Gynecomastia Animation – 2022

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Treatment of gynecomastia

Symptoms: tightness and enlargement of the breast, a feeling of heaviness, pain on palpation.

There are:

pseudogynecomastia (characteristic of obese men and characterized by adipose tissue deposition);
physiological gynecomastia (characteristic of certain age periods of development of men – newborns, puberty, old age, associated with fluctuations in hormones in the body); as a rule, treatment of gynecomastia is not required and over time the glands themselves decrease in size without any intervention;
pathological, is a symptom of serious disorders of the body and requires mandatory examination and treatment of gynecomastia.

The causes of pathological gynecomastia are a violation of the relationship between androgens and estrogens, which leads to the development of male breasts in the female type. Such a violation may be due to:

the presence in the body of diseases such as: tumors of the pituitary gland, testicles, adrenal glands, stomach, pancreas, lungs; primary and age-related hypogonadism (insufficient functioning of the gonads), prostate adenoma, inflammatory processes in the testes, Addison’s disease; hypothyroidism, diseases accompanied by metabolic disorders (diffuse toxic goiter, diabetes, obesity, pulmonary tuberculosis, etc.); diseases of non-endocrine nature (intoxication, cirrhosis of the liver, renal or cardiovascular insufficiency, HIV infection, chest injuries, herpetic lesions of the chest, normalization of nutrition after depletion, etc.);
taking certain drugs that increase the production of estrogen or prolactin, block gonadotropin receptors, have a toxic effect on the testicles;
drug use and alcoholism.

In its development, pathological gynecomastia goes through three stages: the first – the stage of development (there are primary changes that can be eliminated with medication, duration – up to 4 months); the second – intermediate (there is a maturation of glandular tissue, duration – from 4 months to a year), the third – fibrous (connective and adipose tissue appears in the breast; regression of the process is impossible).

Due to the rather rapid development of the disease at the slightest suspicion of pathological gynecomastia, it is necessary to contact a medical institution to determine the causes of abnormalities in the body.

If you do not start timely treatment, gynecomastia can turn into breast cancer.

The doctor who is consulted with this problem is an endocrinologist. To properly diagnose the disease, find out the causes that caused it, carry out a thorough examination of the patient, appoint the necessary hormonal tests. In some cases (according to the indications) may require radiography of the lungs, CT of the adrenal glands, CT of the brain, ultrasound of the mammary glands. Ultrasound of axillary lymph nodes, mammography, breast biopsy, etc.

Physiological types of gynecomastia, as a rule, do not require medical correction. Sometimes with physiological gynecomastia, adolescents may be prescribed hormonal drugs. If medical treatment does not reduce the size of the breasts, then use plastic surgery.

Treatment of pathological gynecomastia is to eliminate the underlying disease, which led to an increase in the mammary glands. In the early stages of the disease, conservative drug therapy is used. At later stages, surgical treatment (mastectomy) is used.

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