Scoliosis examination

Idiopathic scoliosis is most often discovered by the attending physician or school doctor. The sports doctor must play a role in this prevention.

3D Scoliosis Animation – 2022

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Scoliosis

Scoliosis is a deformation in the three spatial planes of any part of the spine, of the cervical, thoracic or lumbosacral curvature, resulting in a twisting of one or more vertebrae on itself (s), and thus causing deformation of the thorax, abdomen, and paravertebral parts.

Juvenile scoliosis is most often of the idiopathic type, with no cause found, mainly affecting girls (5 girls for 1 boy), evolving in 10 to 20% of cases towards aggravation. There is also a certain family predisposition requiring the implementation of specific screening.

It is necessary to be able to differentiate scoliosis which is a deformation of the spine, from the scoliotic attitude which corresponds to a lateral inflection of the spine in the frontal plane, without real torsion and especially without deformation of the trunk.

Do not confuse scoliosis and scoliotic attitude

The scoliotic attitude is a reducible deviation of the spine by a change of position or if the young person is in a lying position. In scoliosis, the deviation is not reducible. But only your doctor can guide you to make this difference.

The deformation of the scoliotic attitude is caused by a bad position which can have different origins:

• Unequal length of the lower limbs;
• Pelvis pathology;
• Antalgic attitude (position taken spontaneously by the body and in which one feels less pain).

The scoliotic attitude is treated according to the case:

• By rehabilitation with a physiotherapist;
• By wearing orthopedic insoles (if the lower limbs are of different lengths);
• By treating the cause of this bad position;
• By practicing regular physical activity.

EXAMINATION

It is essential to look for:

• Family history of scoliosis;
• Whether or not there is back pain;
• Sports practice habits;
• Medical and surgical history;
• Abnormalities of the staturo-ponderal curve.

Idiopathic scoliosis is most often discovered by the attending physician or school doctor. The sports doctor must play a role in this prevention.

The age of the child gives a potential idea of ​​the growth factor and the evolutionary factor of this scoliosis.

The risk of aggravation of scoliosis is all the more important as it appeared early. It is necessary to eliminate other scoliosis of neurological or neuromuscular origin.

In young girls, the date of the first period must be specified since the development of scoliosis or a scoliotic curve generally ends 16 to 24 months after the start of her first period.

What are the causes of scoliosis?

This condition can have various origins.

SCOLIOSIS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENT

The different types of scoliosis:

• Idiopathic: 80% of scoliosis cases, 10 to 15% of which progress to worsening, 5 girls for 1 boy, with family predisposition. It affects on average 0.5 to 2% of 8-15 year olds, girls being, statistically, eight times more affected than boys. Thanks to the care, this affection is stabilized. However, it happens that it still evolves in adulthood. Recent studies may provide some insight into the idiopathic nature of scoliosis, but research is evolving.
• Secondary: due to conditions that can lead to deviations: myopathies, BMI, encephalitis, static disorders, bone weakening. This secondary form is quite rare.
• Functional: due to various causes but also quite rare.

THE DIFFERENT ETIOLOGY

• Idiopathic: no etiology.
• Congenital: costal or vertebral malformation.
• Neuro-muscular: polio, BMI, myopathy.
• other scoliosis: spinal tumours, Marfan, Syringomyelia.

AGE OF ONSET OF IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS

• Infant: from birth, early detection.
• Infant: screening between 1 and 3 years old.
• Juvenile 1: screening between 3 and 6 years old.
• Juvenile 2: screening between 6 and 9 years old.
• Juvenile 3: screening between 9 and 12 years old.
• Adolescence: after 12 years until bone maturation.

It is important to remember that the risk of aggravation is greater the earlier the scoliosis appears.

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