Intragastric Balloon: Everything you need to know about the treatment

The intragastric balloon is a silicone ball, extremely resistant to the point of withstanding the hostile stomach environment for more than 6 months…

4 Things to Know about Intragastric Balloon Placement

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Intragastric Balloon: Everything you need to know about the treatment

The intragastric balloon is a silicone ball, extremely resistant to the point of withstanding the hostile stomach environment for more than 6 months, malleable, filled with a liquid content (saline solution and a dye called methylene blue, which gives its blue color) , designed to be inflated inside the gastric chamber, through a simple endoscopy, in a matter of minutes, therefore, it is not surgery.

It is perfectly practiced on an outpatient basis, that is, without the need for hospitalization, both its placement and its removal, at the medical discretion.

The main effect of the balloon comes from the change in satiety felt by the bearer during his stay, and the hormonal and neural changes caused by its presence, especially in the first three months, where more than 70% of its effect occurs. From there, the mechanical effect, that is, the spatial obstruction, starts to be more important than the other effects.

Advantages of the intragastric balloon

As it is an endoscopic technique, the main advantages are:

• Done on an outpatient basis, with no need for hospitalization
• It is not surgical, therefore a conservative technique, without organ mutilation for it to have its effect.
• It is transient and completely reversible. Treatment can be interrupted at any time if the patient wishes or if the case so requires.
• It’s repeatable. Unlike surgery, this treatment can be performed more than once, as many times as necessary.
• It has an average loss in Brazil around 20% of the person’s total weight
• It is considered a treatment with very low risk of complications and death, that is, very safe if the patient’s clinical conditions are respected.

Who is indicated for the intragastric balloon?

Anyone who does not have formal contraindications to treatment. There is still no established minimum or maximum age that prevents the balloon procedure. We know that the adolescent public has a higher failure rate due to peculiar behavioral characteristics of this age group.

In addition, under 16 years of age, the indication must be made by a pediatrician and an endocrinologist. The psychologist is mandatory. In the more senile group, patients tend to behave much better and are more engaged in treatment, however, due to the peculiar metabolic characteristics of this age group, treatment is more difficult, due to a very slow metabolism, low lean mass index, among others. other factors. Neither one nor the other patient means they cannot function. Both can, but these factors must be considered. There is a special audience that benefits a lot from balloon treatment. They are those who need to lose a substantial amount of pounds, but diet and exercise alone would not solve it or bariatric surgery would be too much. This range of patients between conservative treatment (drugs, diet and exercise) and surgical treatment (bariatric surgery) is the best audience for the balloon. Obviously anyone with a BMI greater than or equal to 27 can opt for the balloon, but this must be taken within the context of each patient.

Contraindications

Contraindications may therefore be related to the presence of previous diseases in patients that would not allow the use of the balloon, and therefore a thorough evaluation by the physician is essential before indicating the balloon as a treatment. But they can also be related to the conditions of the stomach itself that would prevent it from being implanted. There are four main ones:

• A stomach that has been operated on for any reason in the past, as the stomach needs to be fully intact
• A stomach tumor, for obvious reasons
• An active ulcer on the gastric wall, which can be treated and then implanted
• A hiatal diaphragmatic hernia greater than 5 cm, where half of your stomach may be in the chest cavity, making the stomach shape into an hourglass, which would not allow the presence of the balloon. The famous and frequent gastritis or any other itis of the upper digestive tract (esophagus-stomach-duodenum) is not an impediment, as they can be treated even during treatment with the balloon.

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